3种引诱剂对松褐天牛成虫引诱效果比较

为了更好地对松褐天牛成虫进行监测和诱杀,在遂昌地区的马尾松林及贮木场内利用3种不同引诱剂对松褐天牛进行诱捕对比试验。结果表明,3种引诱剂对松褐天牛都有较好的引诱效果,但差异显著。其中,APF-Ⅰ型引诱剂的效果最好,F1型引诱剂次之,ST-2型最弱。试验期共诱捕到松褐天牛成虫4 979头,其中雌成虫4 134头,雄成虫845头,雌雄比为1∶0.204。所诱捕到的雌虫数量是雄虫的4.89倍,差异显著(P=0.045,t=-4.551)。引诱剂捕获松褐天牛的高峰期为6月中旬至8月中旬,6月至8月份降雨量及气温对松褐天牛成虫诱捕规律产生较大影响。本研究为遂昌地区松褐天牛成虫的防治提供了科学依据。     

帽儿山地区脂松种源试验林生长指标分析

引进优良的外来树种可以丰富本国或本地区林业建设的树种资源,增加木材产量和林产品的种类。通过对引进的美国东部7个脂松种源进行试验,得出更适宜栽植区的种源。在树高方面,较好的4个种源依次为MIDC(Dickenson County,Michigan)、MNCNF(Chippewa National Forest,Minnesota)、MIMC(Manistee County,Michigan)和WIOC(Oneida County,Wisconsin);2004年高生长较好的4个种源依次为WIOC、MIDC、MIMC和MNCNF;2005年高生长较好的4个种源依次为MIDC、MIMC、MNCNF和WIOC;地径较好的4个种源依次为MIDC、WIOC、MIMC、MNCNF。该4个种源间各项生长指标差异不显著;在保存率方面,7个种源间差异不明显。     

热处理对马尾松蓝变材颜色的影响

热处理选取了5个温度(170、185、200、215、230℃)和4个时间(2、4、6、8 h)。在热处理前后分别测量蓝变点与未蓝变点的颜色,分析了蓝变材颜色的均匀性,对比了蓝变点与未蓝变点的颜色差异和变化规律。实验结果表明:热处理后,蓝变材颜色参数的标准差逐渐降低,蓝变点与未蓝变点明度差、黄蓝色品指数差减小,其色差可以从17.57降低到小于1。均值比较结果显示,经过200℃以下的热处理,蓝变点与未蓝变点间的颜色参数仍然具有显著性差异。为了使蓝变色斑达到肉眼不容易识别的程度,最低的热处理条件为200℃下处理6 h。     

Testing the systemic induced resistance hypothesis with Austrian pine and Diplodia sapinea

Systemic induction of defenses (e.g. phenolic metabolites) is considered vital in conifer resistance to pathogens and insects, and forms the mechanistic basis of the systemic induced resistance hypothesis (SIRH). In this study, the SIRH was tested on juvenile Austrian pine. Main stems expressed SIR in a manner that was consistent with the SIRH, while shoots became uniformly more susceptible to subsequent inoculations, demonstrating clear organ specificity in the tree's response. The majority of phenolic metabolites were poorly correlated with phenotype. Thus, the defensive system of Austrian pine is highly plastic and organ specific, and cannot be predicted by phenolic profiles alone.     

丹东地区立地条件与红松生长的关系

分别按照表土层厚度、坡位、坡向、坡度以及小地形等不同立地条件,对丹东地区红松的生长情况进行统计分析.结果表明表土层厚度在20cm 以上红松生长最好;对坡位而言,红松在下坡位上生长达到最高;对于坡向,在北、西北、东北坡向组,即阴坡、半阴坡生长最好;红松造林选地切忌水湿地和冲风口.     

油松林内横山叠梗天然更新试验

为防止雨水将油松落果和种子冲击至山下腹或沟谷,影响自然撒种更新数量,进行了横山叠梗的留存种子方法试验,结果表明横山叠梗可大量提高油松的更新数量,试验区平均更新量为523.6万株hm^-2,是对照区更新量的5.29倍.油松林内横山叠梗天然更新效果显著.     

温度因子与樟子松球果产量丰产的关系

为了分析温度因子与樟子松（Pinus sylvestnis var.mongolica Litv.）球果产量丰歉产之间的关系,设置3块面积为150m×300m的样带,连续6年对样带内单株樟子松的结实量和月平均温度进行调查,结合以上数据,逐年进行处理,采用因子筛选法和线性回归分析,进行温度因子与樟子松球果产量的相关系数分析。结果表明：球果生长期第3年3月份月均温、第2年11月的极端最高温度与樟子松球果产量之间的相关系数颇高,回归关系显著。     

樟子松雄球花开花生物学特性的观测与分析

以城市庭院绿地栽培的樟子松为材料,观察分析球花发育和传粉等开花生物学特性,结果表明:在2013年的气候条件下,群体花期持续10 d,单株传粉变动于5~8 d之间,平均为6.2 d。在不同植株中,雄球花花序大小和着生的小孢子叶球数量有明显的差别,1、2、3号树的雄花序平均长度和平均着生小孢子叶球数量分别为3.2 cm和68枚、2.8 cm和52枚、2.4 cm和44枚。小孢子叶球膨大显露、花粉母细胞减数分裂、群体撒粉初期、群体撒粉结束期4个阶段≥10℃有效积温分别为68℃、141℃、278℃和367℃。     

土壤pH值对极小种群毛枝五针松生理特性的影响

幼苗建成期是毛枝五针松(Pinus wangii)天然更新的关键阶段,为找出影响毛枝五针松幼苗存活的关键生态因子,采用植物生理学方法,研究在7个酸碱度土壤培育下,毛枝五针松松针超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶活性(POD)活性和脯氨酸、可溶性糖质量分数及丙二醛(MDA)摩尔质量浓度的变化。结果表明:毛枝五针松在弱碱土壤中抗逆性更强,形态观察得知其在弱碱性土壤中生长更好;生理指标测定结果表明,土壤在p H=7.69~8.42时最适宜毛枝五针松幼苗的生长发育。     

The culturable leaf mycobiome of Viscum album subsp. austriacum

In Poland's pine forests, mistletoe (Viscum album subsp. austriacum) abundance has increased over the past 20 years. This mistletoe infestation has decreased the growth and vigour of Scots pine trees. In this study, we surveyed the culturable fungi from healthy and diseased V. album subsp. austriacum leaves from two stands in Poland. In total, 63 distinct species were identified, 99.8% of which belonged to the phylum Ascomycota. The community compositions of fungi in mistletoe leaves were similar in healthy and diseased leaves as Alternaria alternata, Aureobasidium pullulans, Botryosphaeria visci, Fusarium paeoniae and Microsphaeropsis olivacea were consistently found in leaves of all symptom types. The most frequently isolated fungus from asymptomatic leaves was M. olivacea, followed by A. alternata, A. pullulans and Hypoxylon rubiginosum. In comparison, the most frequently isolated fungi from leaves with rusty-brown necrotic spots were (in decreasing order) M. olivacea, B. visci, F. paeoniae and A. alternata, while the most frequently isolated fungi from leaves with black or dark brown spots were M. olivacea, A. alternata, A. pullulans, Epicoccum layuense and F. paeoniae. This study was the first comprehensive report showing that certain fungal species may be pathogens of V. album subsp. austriacum in Poland. This study was also the first report of F. paeoniae, F. juglandicola, Diaporthe vacuae and Heterotruncatella spartii from V. album, and the first report of D. vacuae and H. spartii in Poland.